Kekayaan, Keanekaragaman, Kepadatan, Dominansi Dan Sebaran Jenis Spons Yang Ada Di Perairan Pantai Paradiso Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur

ABUKUN, Maria Gregorista (2022) Kekayaan, Keanekaragaman, Kepadatan, Dominansi Dan Sebaran Jenis Spons Yang Ada Di Perairan Pantai Paradiso Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang.

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Abstract

Sponges are invertebrate marine organisms originating from the phylum porifera which have many pores along their bodies, their lives are sedentary and can live in sand, dead coral and rocks. This beach is still being degraded so that it is feared that it will threaten the sustainability of marine biota whose sources of damage are due to nature or human activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the species richness, diversity, density and dominance of sponges in the waters of Paradiso Beach, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. This research was conducted using an exploratory method that aims to investigate a problem and get a better understanding. To determine the distribution of sponge species on Paradiso Beach, two station points were established, each station consisting of 5 plots with a transect length of 200 m. The distance of each plot is 4 m with a size of 4 m x 4 m. After observing and identifying the data, it will be analyzed using the Shannon/Wiener diversity index, Species Richness, Density and Dominance. The results showed that at station 1 found sponge species consisting of 4 orders, 5 families, 5 genera and 6 species and 25 individuals, while station 2 consisted of 2 orders, 2 families, 2 genera, 4 species and 44 individuals. The value of the diversity of sponge species at Paradiso Beach station 1 (1.665) and station 2 (0.536) is classified as moderate biota community stability or moderately polluted water. The density of spson species at Paradiso Beach has the highest density value at station two with a value of 2.75. The average value of species richness is 1.553 and 0.792. The value of species richness at both stations is low. The criteria for the Dmg Coastal Water station is < 2.5. The most dominant species found at station two were Stylotella sp species with a total dominance index value of D = 27.636 and the lowest dominance index value was found in Nipates Amorpha species with a dominant value of D = 0.727. The temperature ranged from 26◦-30◦C. While the pH of seawater stations 1 and 2 (> 7) shows the water content is alkaline.

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