Jenis-jenis Tumbuhan Mangrove di Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove Kolam Susuk Kabupaten Belu

DJAWA, Viennye Wilhelmina (2025) Jenis-jenis Tumbuhan Mangrove di Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove Kolam Susuk Kabupaten Belu. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang.

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Abstract

Mangroves are a type of plant found in tropical coastal vegetation communities, which have large and broad potential benefits for the stability of a coastal ecosystem. In general, in a mangrove ecosystem area there are 2 (two) types of mangrove plants, namely true mangroves and associated mangroves. This study aims to determine the types of mangrove plants, diversity index values, uniformity and dominance of species and environmental conditions in the Kolam Susuk mangrove ecotourism area, Belu Regency. The method used in this research is the Purposive Sampling method, namely determining stations by looking at the tidal zone and the mangrove growth substrate. Data collection at 3 (three) observation stations, namely Station 1 (S1), Station 2 (S2) and Station 3 (S3). The data taken, namely biotic parameter data, consists of data on types of mangrove plants, data on types of animals and data on abiotic parameters. The data that has been collected is analyzed quantitative and descriptively. The results of the study showed that in the mangrove ecotourism area of Kolam Susuk, Belu Regency, 23 (twenty three) types of mangrove plants were found, consisting of 17 (seventeen) types of true mangroves and 6 (six) types of associated mangroves. The types of true mangrove plants are Acanthus ebracteatus, Aegiceras floridum, Avicennia alba, Avicennia officinalis, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera parviflora, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops tagal, Excoecaria agallocha, Laguncularia racemosa, Lumnitzera racemosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mangle, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, and Sonneratia alba. Meanwhile, the types of associated mangrove plants are Celtis tenuifolia, Opuntia rastrera, Pandanus odoratissimus, Pandanus tectorius, Pisticia vera, and Vitex trifolia. The diversity index value of 1,000 means it has moderate species diversity, the uniformity index of 0.381 means it has low species uniformity and the dominance index value of 1.253 means it has high dominance. Environmental conditions, namely air temperature ranging from 29˚C-34˚C, air temperature ranging from 28.5˚C-32˚C, sandy and muddy substrates, salinity ranging from 0.97 %-3.73 %, pH ranging from 6.95-7.23, conductivity ranging from 17.3 ͷs/cm-84.4 ͷs/cm, and TDS around 15.3 ppm-93.6 ppm. The range of water quality in the mangrove ecotourism area of Kolam Susuk is still within the criteria or is still ideal for mangrove growth and several types of animals or biota, are still found which are classified into 6 (six) phyla, namely Chordata, Mollusca, Aves, Lepidoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda.

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