Analisis Fitokimia Kulit Batang Ziziphus mauritiana L. serta Campuran Akar Batang dan Daun Ruellia tuberosa L. dalam Minyak Obat Tradisional Masyarakat Etnis Lamatuka

TUKAN, Amandha Victoria Dwiputri (2025) Analisis Fitokimia Kulit Batang Ziziphus mauritiana L. serta Campuran Akar Batang dan Daun Ruellia tuberosa L. dalam Minyak Obat Tradisional Masyarakat Etnis Lamatuka. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang.

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the secondary metabolite compounds present in the stem bark of Ziziphus mauritiana L. and Ruellia tuberosa L., both before and after being processed into traditional medicinal oil. In addition, the study also seeks to identify the chemical constituents of Helang Ooba, a traditional medicinal oil prepared by the Lamatuka ethnic community, in which both plants are utilized as key ingredients. The research was conducted through several stages, including sample preparation, oil production by frying the plant materials with coconut oil, metabolite extraction using maceration with 96% ethanol, phytochemical screening to detect secondary metabolites, and compound identification in the oil using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Phytochemical tests revealed that the extract of Z. mauritiana stem bark contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. Meanwhile, the extract of R. tuberosa contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. GC-MS analysis of Helang Ooba identified eight compounds, with the dominant components being methyl linoleate (45.41%) and methyl linolenate (43.76%). The oil prepared from Z. mauritiana stem bark contained six compounds, dominated by methyl linolenate (64.40%), while the oil prepared from the mixture of roots, stems, and leaves of R. tuberosa contained five compounds, with methyl linolenate (48.44%) and methyl linoleate (42.16%) as the major constituents. The findings indicate that both plants contain secondary metabolites with potential therapeutic properties. However, the traditional heating process during oil preparation resulted in the dominance of fatty acid methyl esters, suggesting alterations in the composition of the original bioactive compounds. This study highlights the importance of standardizing traditional oil preparation methods to maintain consistency in bioactive compound content.

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